Method of making bung openings



Feb. 3, 1942. a c. T. DRAP ER 2,271,762

METHOD OF [MAKING BUNG OPENINGS Filed Dec. 16, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 MW 5 I n W -m H 8 WW I /zwewroe: 17 75 67 445 455 7. 0/?/JPR Feb. 3, 1942. c. T. DRAPER 2,271,762

METHOD OF MAKING BUNG OPENINGS Filed Dec. 16, 1938 I 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 i 1937 (Patent NO.

Patented Feb. 3, 1942 g 2,271,762 METHOD OFMAKmQBrING -P rENr caries ordain" "G's Charles T. Draper, Cleveland He'ighta'Ohiu, 13-

sig'nor to The Draper Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Deceniber 16,1938, serial Na. 246,;19 l 9 Claims. (Cl. 29148.2)

. Application The invention relates generally to bung openings for metallic containers; barrels, drums, vessels, packages and the'like, utilized 'forshipping, storing, and dispensing fluid, liquid or semisolid materials; and relates more particularly to the manufacture of a threaded container bung opening neck integrally in a single sheet metalblank by drawing, rolling and metal working operatiOIlS. a a

, Metallic containers heretofore have been provided almost universally with cast, forgedpor specially pressed bung rings or bushings having intemal threads; the bung rings being secured in a liquid-tight manner-by seaming, welding,- or the like, to the container wall. I Ordinarily, threads are cut in the bung rings or bushings before the same are secured to the container wall.

' The manufacture of such bung rings, the threading of the same, and the securing of the bung rings to the container wall, are each relativelyexpensive operations, adding materially to the cost of manufacturing metallic containers.

.1 vMoreover, with prior constructions, it ,is frequently necessary to utilize two or more gaskets in order to assume, liquid-tight closure between the bung opening and plug, and at the place of securement between the bung ring and the container wall. v

I have developed an entirely new type oiEin tegral threaded bung opening for a metallic container by providing a sheet metal wall of a container with an integral tubular neck having internal andv external V-sided threads formed there n, one'of which is a standard pipe thread,

and the metal formingthe internal and external threads being internally and externally roller swaged throughout as shown in my co-pending application, Serial No. 181,875, flledDecember 27, 2,156,237) {and the threading of such a neck may-be carried out on apparatus such as disclosed inmy co-pending application,

:Serial No. 181,874,'flle'd December 27, 1937- (Patent No. 2,145,587)

It is desirable, if not necessary, that such an integral threaded neck-be-provided with a flange at its outer end, not only for seating a liquidtight sealing gasket between the same and a lapping part of a closure plug, but also for providing a shoulder forsecuring a tamper sealing cap to the container closure construction. I

It is therefore a primary object of the present invention toreduce the cost of manufacturing metallic containers by greatly reducing thecnst of providing bung openings therefor Manufacturing Company;

It is a further objector the present invention to provide a method for making an integral bung opening neck in awall of a metallic container formed from twenty-four to twelve gauge rolled 5 steel with internal and external roller swaged thread formations, one or which is a standard pipe thread.

It is likewise to provide a methodof making an outwardly l0 7 metal container wall terminating in anouttumed flange and havinsuinner and outer pipe thread formations in the neck between the wall and flange, one of which is a standard pipe thread. Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of making an outwardly projecting bung opening neck terminating in an outturned flange integrally in a sheet metal container wall having an internal standard pipe thread formation in the neck between the wall and flange.

Itisalso an object of the present invention to provide a method of making an outwardly proextends. I 311 Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of making an outwardly projecting threaded \bungopening neck integral I with a' sheetgmetal container wall in which the metal in the neck wall is swaged, deformedcold 3a rolled, ironed, burnished, 1 spun, stretched,

smoothed and hardenedby working between rollfer dies to thicken the same at different regions for providing V-sided pipe threadsin said neck r v wall, one of which is a standard pipe' thread." 4o Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of making a container bung opening construction having characteristics described inflone or more of the precedingobj'ects', and which is adapted to receive any one of anumber of different types of closure-plugs provided withstandard pipe threads. Also, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of. making a container bung opening construction having characteristics de- 5a fined inone or more of the above objects, to which a tamper-seal may be readily applied.

These and other'objects and advantages apparent to those skilled in the art from the fol V lowing description and claims may be attained by the methods, method steps and operations of objectof the present invention projecting integral bung opening neck in a sheet sitely from the direction in which the flange "fining a bung opening;

making a bung opening hereinafter set forth in detail and claimed, preferred steps of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, and'which may be stated in general terms as including, drawing a sheet metal blank to form an integral neck projecting therefrom deflning an opening; forming an internal standard pipe thread in said neck preferably bx working, swagin deforming,

cold rolling, burnishing, stretching, displacing,

smoothing and hardening the metalin'the neck between roller dies to thicken the same at difier-' ent regions; and then forming an outturned flange at the outer end of said threaded neckspaced from the wall from which the neck pro- 1 1 jects, after the neck has beenthreaded.

In the-accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a plan view of a sheet metal blank in which an improved integral threaded bung opemng neck is to be formed, the location of such a neck being indicated, for example, by dot-dash lines;

Fig. 2 'isan enlarged vertical section through the flat sheet metal blank shown in Fig. 1; A

Fig. 81s a vertical section similar to Fig. 2 after acup drawing operation has been performed on the blank of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 illustrates a combined drawing and punching operation performed on the cupped blank of Fig. 3 to provide an integral neck de- Fig. 5 is a similar view illustrating the operation of roller swaging internal" and external v-sided pipe threads, one of which is a standard pipe thread, in the integral neck shown in Fig. 4, between the sheet metal wall and the end of the neck;

Fig. 6 illustrates an operation of forming, rolling or turning an outwardly projecting annular f flange at the end of the threaded neck shown in Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the various figures of the drawings.

A sheet metal blank indicated at 10 in Fig. 1, which may be-the blank from which eithera head or side wall of a metallic barrel is formed; and it may be desired to form a bung opening in either or both of a barrel head or side wall as by locating the same in the blank ill in the position indicated by dot-dash lines at i i in Fig. 1. I

such as disclosed in my copending application Serial No. 181,874. matured in U. 8. Letters Patent No. 2,145,587 as by telescoping the neck It (Fig. 5) over a roller die It provided with a threaded annular surface having. a standard pipe thread form. Another similar opp sitely threaded roller die I! may then be moved radially toward roller die M and at the same. time the axis of roller. die I5 may be rotatedabout the neck and about the axis of roller die It so as to swage,

deform, cold roll, iron, burnish, spin, stretch,-

smooth, harden and work the zone of metal indicated at It between the roller dies i4 and I5 to provideV-sidedpipe threads H in the zone I! of said neck I! which is stiflened and strengthened by the cold working and the provision of 7 threads. v

The working operation thickens the threaded neckwall in various regions so that the thickness of the swaged metal in the thread spices is greater'in a diametricaldirection than the thickness of theswagedmetal in the side wall of a thread common to both the internal and external thread surfaces. I

The movement of the roller die I! radially toward the roller die ll places the metal in the neck It being worked under considerable pressure; and

" sufllcient pressure is applied and maintained and the cold rolling and ironing operation is carried out for a sufllcient numberof revolutions that accurate V-shape pipe threads are formed. As a result the thread'formationspresent very smooth, cold rolled surfaces which will not seize, even if the'threaded neck'is formed in a steel sheet and another threaded steelmember is engaged with the threaded neck.

' Moreover, as shown in Fig. 5, the internal threaded surface has a standard pipe thread formation and the internal threads project inwardly of the location of the zone I. of the neck wall prior to being threaded.

Thus, the improved method provides for forming standard pipe threads in the thin sheet metal neck wall I 3 integral with the blank wall ID without cutting the metal; which product is disclosed in my copending application Serial No. 181,875.

After the threads II have been rolled in-the zone I 6 of the'neck ll, the sheet metal blank 10 may be further worked to form, turn or roll an outturned flange I! (Fig. 6) at the outerend of the threaded neck It as by engaging a roller is The blank l0 maybe introduced between suitably shaped draw dies to draw a cup l2 therein (Fig. 3) at the location indicated at II in Fig. 1,

" after which the sheet metal blank i8 cupped at l2 may be further formed by a succeeding operation in suitably shaped drawing and piercing dies to draw the neck It (Fig. 4) and punch out a cen-' ter disk (not shown) so that the neck It defines a bung opening in the sheet metal blank Ill. The invention, however, is not limited to the specific number and character of drawing operations used to form the integral neck It, as these may be varied in accordance with usual practice, depending upon the size and proportions of the opening, and on the properties of the sheet metal blank and on the results desired.

The neck It may then be threaded in apparatus against neck It and moving a cooperating roller .20 radially toward roller I8.

The flange I8 thus forms an abutment against which a liquid sealing gasket may be clamped by a closure plug threaded into the threaded bung opening neck; and the flange llmay also be engaged by a tamper-sealing cap for sealing the closure construction, all as illustrated in said copending product application Serial No. 181,875.

In some cases it may be desirable to extend a flange outward considerably further than shown in Fig. 6 and it may likewise be desirablefto provide-a shoulder on the top surface of theflange.

This may be accomplished as shown in Figs. 7

and 8 by telescoping a flanged ring 2| around the threaded neck It (Fig. '7) and then rolling,

forming or turning flange II, as shown in Fig. 8, so as to clamp the flanged ring 2| between flange i8 and wall it. Thus, the flange at the outer end of the threaded neck is in effect, extended out- --ward farther by flange '22 offlanged ring 2i; and

flange i8 and flange 22 cooperate to form a shoulder 23, which is an exceedingly advantageous be implied therefrom the present method invention of the same and I wall forms a wall of a sheet fi ment against which a liquid mu I wb clam ed,

v'l'hu's. the improvedmethod provides not only for forming a' threaded bung opening neck integrally in a sheet locating such an integral'threaded neck eccentrlcally in a sheet metal wall as indicated at il in 1. Moreover, the improved method provides for the formation of internal and external roller swaged thread formations, one of whichis a standard pipe thread, in a neck integral with a sheet metal wall.

In addition, the improved method provides for the manufacture of va threaded b11118 opening neck terminating in an outturned flange integrallyin a sheet metal wall. I

I'hus the present improvements appreciably reduce the cost of providing bung openings for metallic containers duce the cost of manufacturing such metallic containers; and the present improvements overmetal wall but also provides for and therefore appreciably re-' m I II a g i d, 1 3 B i neck spaced from m come the difliculties'and eliminate many of the I expensive and complicated operations involved in the prior practice of making and securingbung rings to metallic containers.

In the foregoing description, certain terms have been utilized for brevity, clearness andunder- I standing} but no unnecessary limitations are to beyond the requirements of the prior art; because for descriptive purposes herein and not for the purpose of limitation; and are intended to be broadly construed. I a Moreover, the invention-- is not limited to the production of the exact structures shown herein because the length of the neck may be varied, and the size and shape of the flange .at the end-of the neck may be varied, to provide other structural embodiments without departing from the various structures.

I metal used herein and in the claims are lntendedto include sheet, strip or plate metal of the desired or necessary gauge including steel, galvanized 'steeLor other metals from which it may be desired to construct metal- The words "sheet the size of the openingmay be varied, i

the scope of for manufacturin I I ternally and internally swaging and workingthe suchwords are utilized-# in esheetpietalwm xternally' in. e "and -internslly' -rolier swe e a a a zone; of

on said neck and bungopening neck on v i I to define an opening there- 'said necktoform-external andinternal v-mi-em therein, seamen 10min; an

2;.Tlie method of makingan'integralthread d flanged bung neck-in a "sheet new wall drawing an annular neck I including the steps of in a' sheet metalwall to in: displacing a zone by externally define an opening therev-sided pipe threads therein, one of which is a standard pipe thread and then forming an outturnedflange'on said neck spaced from said 3, The method ofmaking a threaded flanged bung opening neck in a sheet metal wall including steps in the order named of drawan integral annular neck in a sheet metal wall to deflne an opening therein, forming threads in said neck, placing a flanged ring on said neck, and then forming an outturned'flange I simultaneously securing said flanged ring thereto. I a v 4. The method of making a threaded flanged in a sheet metal wall including the steps in the define "an opening therein, forming threads in said neek,placing aring having a flange at the turningaflange at lie containers; the words standard pipe threads I are intended to refer to the various standard pipe threads which are standard in various countries of the world, all of and the words threaded bung opening nee are intended to include threaded necks integral with a sheet metal wall regardless of the size regardless of whether or not the sheet metal metal barrel, because a sheet metal wall prowhich threads have V-sides;

same against the rin 5. The method of making an integral threaded, lbung opening neckin a sheet metal wall inouter endthereof about said the outer 'end of said neck abut andiclamnins the flange.

and simultaneously cluding, the steps of drawing an annular neck inafsheetmetalwall to deflne anopeningtherein; deforming a zone of the metal in said neck to thicken the same in diiferent regions by exsame between roller dies to form external and internal V-sided pipe threads therein, one of which is a standard pipe thread; and then forming an outturned flange on said neck spaced from said wall.

6. The method of making an integral threaded bung opening neck in a. sheet metal wall including the steps of drawing an annularneck in a sheet metal wall to define-fan opening therein; displacing a zone neck by: externally "and internally swaging and methods, method steps and operations,

1 said neck, the

neck Spaced from saidwall.

working the metal between roller dies to form external and internal v-sided pipe threads in I internal threads being standard pipe threads prqiecting inwardly of said neck: and then forming an outturned flange on said '1. The method of makin 'an integral threaded flanged bung opening neck ina sheet metal wall including the steps of eccentrically in'a sheet metal blank to deflne an opening therein, externally and internally roller swaging azone ofsaid neck to form external and internalsmooth V-threads therein, and then forming an outturned flange on the outer end of said neck;

8. The method of making. an bung opening neck in a sheet metalwall including the steps of drawing an annular neck ec-' vcentrically in a sheet metal wall to vdefine an opening therein, and then externally-and interm m m th steps of drawingan annular neck .75 naily roller ring a zone of said-neck to form ithemetsun saidneck a I I d internally swagins the same between roller dies to form external and internal I order named of drawing an integral'annular neckin a sheet metalwall to I neck, and then I of the metal inwardly of said drawing an annular neck integral threaded eattern'al and standard internal pipe threads therein. I I

9; The method of making an integral threaded -v bung opening neck in a sheet metal wall including the steps of drawing an annular neck in a sheet metal wall to define anopening therein, and then displacing, a'zone of the metal in said nec'lc endehenzlnz the thickness at thefmetal therein by externally and internally swaging the same between roller dies to form external and internal V-slde d pipe threads therein, one of t 5 which is :a standard pipe thread.

CHARLES 'r. DRAPER. 

